/*
 * Copyright 2016 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
 * and other contributors as indicated by the @author tags.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.keycloak.protocol.oidc.utils;

import org.jboss.logging.Logger;
import org.keycloak.common.util.Encode;
import org.keycloak.common.util.KeycloakUriBuilder;
import org.keycloak.common.util.UriUtils;
import org.keycloak.models.ClientModel;
import org.keycloak.models.Constants;
import org.keycloak.models.KeycloakSession;
import org.keycloak.models.KeycloakUriInfo;
import org.keycloak.models.RealmModel;
import org.keycloak.protocol.oidc.OIDCLoginProtocol;
import org.keycloak.services.Urls;
import org.keycloak.services.util.ResolveRelative;

import java.net.URI;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * @author <a href="mailto:sthorger@redhat.com">Stian Thorgersen</a>
 */
public class RedirectUtils {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RedirectUtils.class);

    /**
     * This method is deprecated for performance and security reasons and it is available just for the
     * backwards compatibility. It is recommended to use some other methods of this class where the client is given as an argument
     * to the method, so we know the client, which redirect-uri we are trying to resolve.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static String verifyRealmRedirectUri(KeycloakSession session, String redirectUri) {
        Set<String> validRedirects = getValidateRedirectUris(session);
        return verifyRedirectUri(session, null, redirectUri, validRedirects, true);
    }

    public static String verifyRedirectUri(KeycloakSession session, String redirectUri, ClientModel client) {
        return verifyRedirectUri(session, redirectUri, client, true);
    }

    public static String verifyRedirectUri(KeycloakSession session, String redirectUri, ClientModel client, boolean requireRedirectUri) {
        if (client != null)
            return verifyRedirectUri(session, client.getRootUrl(), redirectUri, client.getRedirectUris(), requireRedirectUri);
        return null;
    }

    public static Set<String> resolveValidRedirects(KeycloakSession session, String rootUrl, Set<String> validRedirects) {
        // If the valid redirect URI is relative (no scheme, host, port) then use the request's scheme, host, and port
        // the set is ordered by length to get the longest match first
        Set<String> resolveValidRedirects = new TreeSet<>((String s1, String s2) -> s1.length() == s2.length()? s1.compareTo(s2) : s1.length() < s2.length()? 1 : -1);
        for (String validRedirect : validRedirects) {
            if (validRedirect.startsWith("/")) {
                validRedirect = relativeToAbsoluteURI(session, rootUrl, validRedirect);
                logger.debugv("replacing relative valid redirect with: {0}", validRedirect);
                resolveValidRedirects.add(validRedirect);
            } else {
                resolveValidRedirects.add(validRedirect);
            }
        }
        return resolveValidRedirects;
    }

    @Deprecated
    private static Set<String> getValidateRedirectUris(KeycloakSession session) {
        RealmModel realm = session.getContext().getRealm();
        return session.clients().getAllRedirectUrisOfEnabledClients(realm).entrySet().stream()
          .filter(me -> me.getKey().isEnabled() && OIDCLoginProtocol.LOGIN_PROTOCOL.equals(me.getKey().getProtocol()) && !me.getKey().isBearerOnly() && (me.getKey().isStandardFlowEnabled() || me.getKey().isImplicitFlowEnabled()))
          .map(me -> resolveValidRedirects(session, me.getKey().getRootUrl(), me.getValue()))
          .flatMap(Collection::stream)
          .collect(Collectors.toSet());
    }

    public static String verifyRedirectUri(KeycloakSession session, String rootUrl, String redirectUri, Set<String> validRedirects, boolean requireRedirectUri) {
        KeycloakUriInfo uriInfo = session.getContext().getUri();
        RealmModel realm = session.getContext().getRealm();

        if (redirectUri == null) {
            if (!requireRedirectUri) {
                redirectUri = getSingleValidRedirectUri(validRedirects);
            }

            if (redirectUri == null) {
                logger.debug("No Redirect URI parameter specified");
                return null;
            }
        } else if (validRedirects.isEmpty()) {
            logger.debug("No Redirect URIs supplied");
            redirectUri = null;
        } else {
            // Make the validations against fully decoded and normalized redirect-url. This also allows wildcards (case when client configured "Valid redirect-urls" contain wildcards)
            String decodedRedirectUri = decodeRedirectUri(redirectUri);
            URI decodedRedirect = toUri(decodedRedirectUri);
            decodedRedirectUri = getNormalizedRedirectUri(decodedRedirect);
            if (decodedRedirectUri == null) return null;

            String r = decodedRedirectUri;
            Set<String> resolveValidRedirects = resolveValidRedirects(session, rootUrl, validRedirects);

            String valid = matchesRedirects(resolveValidRedirects, r, true);

            if (valid == null && (r.startsWith(Constants.INSTALLED_APP_URL) || r.startsWith(Constants.INSTALLED_APP_LOOPBACK)) && r.indexOf(':', Constants.INSTALLED_APP_URL.length()) >= 0) {
                int i = r.indexOf(':', Constants.INSTALLED_APP_URL.length());

                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                sb.append(r.substring(0, i));

                i = r.indexOf('/', i);
                if (i >= 0) {
                    sb.append(r.substring(i));
                }

                r = sb.toString();

                valid = matchesRedirects(resolveValidRedirects, r, true);
            }

            // Return the original redirectUri, which can be partially encoded - for example http://localhost:8280/foo/bar%20bar%2092%2F72/3 . Just make sure it is normalized
            URI redirect = toUri(redirectUri);
            redirectUri = getNormalizedRedirectUri(redirect);

            // We try to check validity also for original (encoded) redirectUrl, but just in case it exactly matches some "Valid Redirect URL" specified for client (not wildcards allowed)
            if (valid == null) {
                valid = matchesRedirects(resolveValidRedirects, redirectUri, false);
            }

            if (valid != null && redirectUri.startsWith("/")) {
                redirectUri = relativeToAbsoluteURI(session, rootUrl, redirectUri);
            }

            String scheme = decodedRedirect.getScheme();
            if (valid != null && scheme != null) {
                // check the scheme is valid, it should be http(s) or explicitly allowed by the validation
                if (!valid.startsWith(scheme + ":") && !"http".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme) && !"https".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) {
                    logger.debugf("Invalid URI because scheme is not allowed: %s", redirectUri);
                    valid = null;
                }
            }

            redirectUri = valid != null ? redirectUri : null;
        }

        if (Constants.INSTALLED_APP_URN.equals(redirectUri)) {
            return Urls.realmInstalledAppUrnCallback(uriInfo.getBaseUri(), realm.getName()).toString();
        } else {
            return redirectUri;
        }
    }

    private static URI toUri(String redirectUri) {
        URI uri = null;
        if (redirectUri != null) {
        try {
                uri = URI.create(redirectUri);
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException cause) {
                logger.debug("Invalid redirect uri", cause);
            } catch (Exception cause) {
                logger.debug("Unexpected error when parsing redirect uri", cause);
            }
        }
        return uri;
    }

    private static String getNormalizedRedirectUri(URI uri) {
        String redirectUri = null;
        if (uri != null) {
            redirectUri = uri.normalize().toString();
            redirectUri = lowerCaseHostname(redirectUri);
        }
        return redirectUri;
    }

    // Decode redirectUri. We don't decode query and fragment as those can be encoded in the original URL.
    // URL can be decoded multiple times (in case it was encoded multiple times, or some of it's parts were encoded multiple times)
    private static String decodeRedirectUri(String redirectUri) {
        if (redirectUri == null) return null;
        int MAX_DECODING_COUNT = 5; // Max count of attempts for decoding URL (in case it was encoded multiple times)

        try {
            KeycloakUriBuilder uriBuilder = KeycloakUriBuilder.fromUri(redirectUri).preserveDefaultPort();
            String origQuery = uriBuilder.getQuery();
            String origFragment = uriBuilder.getFragment();
            String encodedRedirectUri = uriBuilder
                    .replaceQuery(null)
                    .fragment(null)
                    .buildAsString();
            String decodedRedirectUri = null;

            for (int i = 0; i < MAX_DECODING_COUNT; i++) {
                decodedRedirectUri = Encode.decode(encodedRedirectUri);
                if (decodedRedirectUri.equals(encodedRedirectUri)) {
                    // URL is decoded. We can return it (after attach original query and fragment)
                    return KeycloakUriBuilder.fromUri(decodedRedirectUri).preserveDefaultPort()
                            .replaceQuery(origQuery)
                            .fragment(origFragment)
                            .buildAsString();
                } else {
                    // Next attempt
                    encodedRedirectUri = decodedRedirectUri;
                }
            }
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
            logger.debugf("Illegal redirect URI used: %s, Details: %s", redirectUri, iae.getMessage());
        }
        logger.debugf("Was not able to decode redirect URI: %s", redirectUri);
        return null;
    }

    private static String lowerCaseHostname(String redirectUri) {
        int n = redirectUri.indexOf('/', 7);
        if (n == -1) {
            return redirectUri.toLowerCase();
        } else {
            return redirectUri.substring(0, n).toLowerCase() + redirectUri.substring(n);
        }
    }

    private static String relativeToAbsoluteURI(KeycloakSession session, String rootUrl, String relative) {
        if (rootUrl != null) {
            rootUrl = ResolveRelative.resolveRootUrl(session, rootUrl);
        }

        if (rootUrl == null || rootUrl.isEmpty()) {
            rootUrl = UriUtils.getOrigin(session.getContext().getUri().getBaseUri());
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append(rootUrl);
        sb.append(relative);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    // return the String that matched the redirect or null if not matched
    private static String matchesRedirects(Set<String> validRedirects, String redirect, boolean allowWildcards) {
        logger.tracef("matchesRedirects: redirect URL to check: %s, allow wildcards: %b, Configured valid redirect URLs: %s", redirect, allowWildcards, validRedirects);
        for (String validRedirect : validRedirects) {
            if (validRedirect.endsWith("*") && !validRedirect.contains("?") && allowWildcards) {
                // strip off the query component - we don't check them when wildcards are effective
                String r = redirect.contains("?") ? redirect.substring(0, redirect.indexOf("?")) : redirect;
                // strip off *
                int length = validRedirect.length() - 1;
                validRedirect = validRedirect.substring(0, length);
                if (r.startsWith(validRedirect)) return validRedirect;
                // strip off trailing '/'
                if (length - 1 > 0 && validRedirect.charAt(length - 1) == '/') length--;
                validRedirect = validRedirect.substring(0, length);
                if (validRedirect.equals(r)) return validRedirect;
            } else if (validRedirect.equals(redirect)) return validRedirect;
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static String getSingleValidRedirectUri(Collection<String> validRedirects) {
        if (validRedirects.size() != 1) return null;
        String validRedirect = validRedirects.iterator().next();
        return validateRedirectUriWildcard(validRedirect);
    }

    public static String validateRedirectUriWildcard(String redirectUri) {
        if (redirectUri == null)
            return null;

        int idx = redirectUri.indexOf("/*");
        if (idx > -1) {
            redirectUri = redirectUri.substring(0, idx);
        }
        return redirectUri;
    }

    private static String getFirstValidRedirectUri(Collection<String> validRedirects) {
        final String redirectUri = validRedirects.stream().findFirst().orElse(null);
        return (redirectUri != null) ? validateRedirectUriWildcard(redirectUri) : null;
    }

    public static String getFirstValidRedirectUri(KeycloakSession session, String rootUrl, Set<String> validRedirects) {
        return getFirstValidRedirectUri(resolveValidRedirects(session, rootUrl, validRedirects));
    }
}